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The Impact of Colonization
Season 3
The development of the Atlantic slave trade forever changed the course of European settlement in the Americas. Other transatlantic travelers, includi…
8 months ago
English Settlements in America
Season 3
The English came late to colonization of the Americas, establishing stable settlements in the 1600s after several unsuccessful attempts in the 1500s.…
8 months ago
Colonial Rivalries: Dutch and French Colonial Ambitions
Season 3
The French and Dutch established colonies in the northeastern part of North America: the Dutch in present-day New York, and the French in present-day…
8 months ago
Spanish Exploration and Colonial Society
Season 3
In their outposts at St. Augustine and Santa Fe, the Spanish never found the fabled mountains of gold they sought. They did find many native people t…
8 months, 1 week ago
New Worlds in the Americas: Labor, Commerce, and the Columbian Exchange
Season 3
In the minds of European rulers, colonies existed to create wealth for imperial powers. Guided by mercantilist ideas, European rulers and investors h…
8 months, 1 week ago
Challenges to Spain’s Supremacy
Season 3
By the beginning of the seventeenth century, Spain’s rivals—England, France, and the Dutch Republic—had each established an Atlantic presence, with g…
8 months, 1 week ago
Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World
Season 3
The sixteenth century witnessed a new challenge to the powerful Catholic Church. The reformist doctrines of Martin Luther and John Calvin attracted m…
8 months, 2 weeks ago
Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest
Season 3
Although Portugal opened the door to exploration of the Atlantic World, Spanish explorers quickly made inroads into the Americas. Spurred by Christop…
8 months, 2 weeks ago
West Africa and the Role of Slavery
Season 3
Before 1492, Africa, like the Americas, had experienced the rise and fall of many cultures, but the continent did not develop a centralized authority…
8 months, 2 weeks ago
Europe on the Brink of Change
Season 3
One effect of the Crusades was that a larger portion of western Europe became familiar with the goods of the East. A lively trade subsequently develo…
8 months, 3 weeks ago