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Lecture 14: Ideal Solution Model; Osmotic Pressure; Blue Energy; Minimum Work of Separation
Description
MIT 2.43 Advanced Thermodynamics, Spring 2024
Instructor: Gian Paolo Beretta
View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/
Complete course table of contents with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_toc_slides_pdf/
Complete course analytical index with hyperlinks to slides and video timestamps: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_index_slides_pdf/
YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP6309d0oJDiVo1CvxUQXJ2il
This lecture covers: Ideal solution model. Van't Hoff relation for osmotic pressure of the solvent of a dilute solution. Osmotic power from river estuaries and salinity gradients (blue energy). Minimum work of complete and partial separation.
Instructor suggests to set viewing speed at 1.5 for faster learning.
Slides for this lecture: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-43-advanced-thermodynamics-spring-2024/resources/mit2_43_s24_lec14_pdf/
Key moments:
00:00:00 - Introduction
00:00:19 - Review: Stable-Equilibrium Properties of Mixtures
00:00:50 - Ideal Solution Behavior
00:10:51 - Osmotic Pressure: Van’t Hoff Relation
00:21:55 - Osmosis in Biology
00:23:43 - Osmosis in Engineering Applications
00:25:05 - An Important Example: Osmotic Pressure of Seawater
00:34:53 - Fresh Water Production from Saline Water
00:47:35 - Osmotic Power: a Potential Renewable Energy Source
00:54:12 - Blue Energy
00:58:13 - Minimum Work of Complete Mixture Separation
01:08:38 - Minimum Work of Partial Mixture Separation
01:19:37 - Demixing of Atmospheric Air Components
01:20:42 - Demixing of a Liquid Solution
01:24:56 - Stratification of Mixtures in Gravity Field
License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
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