Episode Details

In this episode of pplpod, we uncover the fascinating and complex history behind "First They Came" (Als sie kamen), the famous 1946 postwar confessional prose piece that condemns the complicity and silence of German intellectuals and clergy during the incremental purges of Nazi Germany.

We explore the life of its author, German Lutheran pastor Martin Niemöller. Niemöller was a highly complicated historical figure who initially supported Adolf Hitler, but later became a vocal opponent when the state tried to claim supremacy over religion. As a leader of the Confessing Church, Niemöller's fierce opposition to the Nazification of Protestant churches led to his 1937 arrest and years of imprisonment in the Sachsenhausen and Dachau concentration camps. He was ultimately released by the Allies in 1945 and spent the rest of his life as a leading voice of penance and reconciliation.

We also dive into the controversy surrounding the poem's different translations and adaptations. We discuss how Cold War-era anti-communism in the United States led to the deliberate omission of "communists" in favor of "socialists" in popular versions—including the widely known text displayed at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Join us to understand the true origins of this powerful message about the bystander effect, social privilege, and the deadly cost of looking the other way.