Episode Details

In today's conversation, I am joined by Michael Hallsworth, managing director for the Americas division of the Behavioral Insights Team, or BIT. Michael was on the show nearly two years ago in episode 125 when he was sharing about his book which is aptly named Behavioral Insights.

The reason he is here today is to talk about a debate that has been going on across the behavioral science community for the bulk of this year: "Do nudges work?"

Michael wrote an article recently in Behavioral Scientist which laid out all the points in a very clear way and talked about the real question we should be asking (as well as the next steps for the field in the future). I knew he was the perfect guest to come on and speak about this. He does a great job summarizing everything here and I hope you get value from this conversation. It can be hard to look at ourselves, the fields we are in, or ourselves personally, and embrace opportunities for improvement. But, it is so necessary in order to grow, change and thrive. The field is built on solid science, and we have an opportunity to do even more going forward. Listen in to hear all of our thoughts on this hot topic.

• [00:42] In today's conversation, I am joined by Dr. Michael Hallsworth, managing director for the Americas division of the Behavioral Insights Team. He was on the show nearly two years ago.
• [02:37] It can be hard to look at ourselves, the fields we are in, or ourselves personally, and embrace opportunities for improvement. But, it is so necessary in order to grow, change and thrive.
• [05:00] Michael shares about himself and his background in behavioral science.
• [06:56] Nudges guide people to decide while maintaining their freedom of choice.
• [08:26] Publication bias is a problem that affects many disciplines (not just behavioral science) in the scientific literature.
• [11:19] Singular data points are not generalizable in other contexts. Context and testing are key.
• [13:22] First we need to understand what is a realistic effect size for some of these interventions and can we get a better understanding of how context affects results.
• [15:42] A missing piece of this debate around if nudges do or don't work is looking at some work that is not affected by publication bias.
• [16:59] We do have evidence for the real-world effects of nudging that are not affected by publication bias. Those effects are smaller than the ones in the original study but they are still meaningful.
• [19:06] Human behavior is complex. Results vary by context and group.
• [21:21] There are factors going into a result that are meaningful which may mean that something doesn't work in a different situation.
• [22:56] Instead of making overall claims we should be talking about some of these ideas a bit like scientists have talked about incentives.
• [23:53] We don't need to oversimplify or oversell because the results are there but they vary in ways we don't understand (yet).
• [25:34] Moving forward we can run multi-size studies so we can explore these differences more systematically.
• [27:42] When you take your results together, you should be able to see which idea is more supported.
• [29:49] They found that if you thought something was more context-dependent those studies were less likely to replicate success.
• [31:35] It's not about what you know. It is about how you match it to context to produce a result.
• [33:56] Behavioral Science "in the wild" is different from behavioral science in the lab.
• [35:07] Within organizations it can be really hard to start tracing the threads between studies and looking into the connections.
• [37:11] Michael shares about his upcoming manifesto.
• [39:20] The overriding question he discusses in the manifesto is "How do we help behavioral science tackle some of t