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Continue Reading: Dalla Costa E, Minero M, Lebelt D, Stucke D, Canali E, Leach MC. Development of the Horse Grimace Scale (HGS) as a pain assessment tool in horses undergoing routine castration. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 19;9(3):e92281. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092281. PMID: 24647606; PMCID: PMC3960217.

Dai F, Leach M, MacRae AM, Minero M, Costa ED. Does Thirty-Minute Standardised Training Improve the Inter-Observer Reliability of the Horse Grimace Scale (HGS)? A Case Study. Animals (Basel). 2020 Apr 30;10(5):781. doi: 10.3390/ani10050781. PMID: 32365927; PMCID: PMC7277819.

Dai F, Leach M, MacRae AM, Minero M, Costa ED. Does Thirty-Minute Standardised Training Improve the Inter-Observer Reliability of the Horse Grimace Scale (HGS)? A Case Study. Animals (Basel). 2020 Apr 30;10(5):781. doi: 10.3390/ani10050781. PMID: 32365927; PMCID: PMC7277819.