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國際時事跟讀 Ep. L048: 前所未有的晶片交易Unprecedented Chip Deal Between US and China

Highlights 主題摘要

• Tech giants Nvidia and AMD agreed to pay US government 15% of Chinese chip revenues.
• The deal allows AI chip sales to China despite previous national security bans.
• Critics say this creates dangerous precedent of monetizing national security decisions.

The United States recently announced an extraordinary trade arrangement involving two major technology companies. Nvidia and AMD, leading semiconductor manufacturers, have agreed to pay the American government fifteen percent of their revenues from selling advanced chips to China. This unprecedented deal emerged after intensive lobbying efforts, particularly from Nvidia's chief executive Jensen Huang, who reportedly met with President Trump at the White House. The agreement represents a dramatic shift from earlier policies that completely banned these chip exports to China due to national security concerns.

美國最近宣布一項涉及兩家主要科技公司的非凡貿易協議。輝達和超微這兩家領先的半導體製造商同意將向中國銷售先進晶片的營收15%上繳美國政府。這項前所未有的協議是在密集遊說下達成的，特別是輝達執行長黃仁勳據報在白宮與川普總統會面後促成。該協議代表政策的戲劇性轉變，此前基於國安考量完全禁止這些晶片出口到中國。

The deal centers around specialized chips designed for the Chinese market. Nvidia's H20 chip and AMD's MI308 chip are modified versions of their flagship products, created to comply with export restrictions while accessing China's massive artificial intelligence market. Industry analysts estimate China's AI investment will reach approximately one hundred billion dollars this year, representing nearly fifty percent growth compared to last year. This enormous market potential explains why both companies accepted the unusual revenue-sharing requirement imposed by the US government to resume their Chinese operations.

這項協議主要圍繞在為中國市場設計的特殊晶片。輝達的H20晶片和超微的MI308晶片是其旗艦產品的修改版本，目的是在遵守出口限制的同時進入中國龐大的人工智慧市場。產業分析師預估中國的AI投資今年將達到約一千億美元，相較去年成長近50%。這個龐大的市場潛力解釋了為何兩家公司都接受美國政府施加的不尋常營收分潤要求，以便重啟中國業務。

The announcement triggered widespread criticism from security experts, former government advisers, and lawmakers across the political spectrum. Critics described the arrangement as unprecedented, with some calling it a "shakedown" that establishes a dangerous precedent for handling national security concerns. Democratic congressman Jake Auchincloss expressed alarm, stating that having the US government financially motivated to sell AI technology to China made him deeply conc